THERMOELECTRIC EFFECT--STAGE TWO:

  • GROWING of A FROZEN DROP:
  • Ejection of Charged (-) Ice Fragments

  • LIFE CYCLE of A WATER DROP in THUNDERCLOUD
  • THREE STAGES of FRAGMENTATION

REFERENCE-

  • THERMOELECTRIC EFFECT:
  • Workman, E. .J. and
  • S. E. Reynolds,

Electrical phenomena occurring during the freezing of dilute aqueous solution and their possible relationship to thunderstorm electricity.

Phys. Rev., 78 254 259 ,I950.

THERMOELECTRIC EFFECT

 

****NEGATIVELY CHARGED ICE PARTICLES****

being EJECTED from FROST SURFACE of an ICE PELLET

 

FIGURE C SHOWS AN EXPERIMENTAL HAILSTONE in A MOIST ENVIRONMENT REPELLING FROST PARTICLES ELECTRICALLY from ICE SURFACE.

PHOTOGRAPHED by STROBOSCOPE (3 FLASHS ) REVEALING the ACCELERATION of EACH EJECTED ICE PARTICLE from ICE SURFACE.

LATENT HEAT RELEASED ON THE ICE SURFACE due to PHASE CHANGE of WATER to ICE . THE TEMPERATURE on The ICE SURFACE IS ALWAYS HIGHER THEN the INTERIOR DURING the STATE of GROWTH.

 

PLEASE NOTE--THE DISTANCE BETWEEN EACH EJECTED ICE PARTICLE with SAME ELECTRICAL CHARGES

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ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCES
SNOW and ICE
CLOUD SEEDING
FREEZING
of A WATER DROP
FRAGMENTATION
of A FROZEN DROP
MELTING of
A FROZEN DROP
CHARGE within
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